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ORTRANS PROJECT : A transportation network equilibrium study of Dakar agglomeration

Since about two decades, Dakar agglomeration is faced to increasingly traffic jam congestion. Because of the huge number of vehicle ownerships, and the inadequacies of the city and infrastructure planning (network design, intersection design, traffic light,etc.) the urban mobility has dramatically decreased. The negative consequences of the congestion phenomenon are a very important air and noise pollution, loss of productivity, and road safety problems. Some studies, mainly initiated by Senegal Government and World Bank have been performed to tackle these problems, resulting in many recommendations. One of these recommendations (in "Summary and conclusions of the study on urban transport dysfunction and air pollution in Dakar" ,1999, Technical SSATP note 19) suggests actions for easing the flow of vehicular traffic (through a transport plan, street improvements, dissemination of information for users, and staggering of rush hours). Our project ORTRANS deals exactly with this recommendation. We propose to apply network  equilibrium theory and mathematical programming techniques to analyze the Dakar network flow and choose between different network design scenarios the "best" one. Our analysis take into account the particular african transit modes. Moreover, to catch the dynamic aspect of the problem (Dakar, as other towns, is changing everyday) the user equilibrium model is coupled with a population dynamic model. ORTRANS is an on-going project in collaboration with the university of Dakar for which no practical numerical experiments are currently available. Our talk will be limited to present the main ideas, models and algorithms.